Lathe for turning special shapes



March 5, 1940. A. E. KELLEY 2,192,267

Lmm FoR'Tunnms sPEcm. samzs Filed March 1, 1955 4 shuts-sheet '1 March 5, 1940. A. E. KELLEY 2,192,367

LATHE FOR TURNING ISPECIAL SHAPES File'd March 1, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet A2 Warm March 5, 1940. A. lEz. KELLEY f LATHE FOR TURNING SPECIAL SHAPES Filed MaI-'Ch 1, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 www@ A. E. KELLEY LATHE FOR TURNING sEcIAL sH'APEs Marchs, 1940.

`4 vSheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 1, 1935 In Illi 26, figa. 3

Patented Mar. 5, 1940 um Fon. TUnNmG SPECIAL snAiEs Alvie E. Kelley, Washington, Pa.

Application March 1, 1935, serial No. 8,937

36 Claims. (Cl. 82-19) This invention relates to an apparatus for I turning special shapes in metal stock as in a lathe, and specifically consists in an attachment for a lathe whereby the lathe tool is operated by 5 a record or pattern so as to reproduce various desired shapes.

Another object of the invention consists in a lathe attachment in which particular shapes may be automatically reproduced and in which by a simple adjustment the same shape may be reproduced on a larger or a smaller scale.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a lathe attachment for turning special shapes, in which the shape may be modified or magnified by a simple adjustment.

Another object of the invention consists in a lathe attachment including a master record for controlling the reciprocation of the tool, and in which the tracer point may be moved to different points onthe record to vary the shape produced in the finished work.

A further object of the invention resides in a lathe attachment which .is capable of reproducing various shapes whether they be internal, external or profiles. i

A still further object of the invention consists in providing a lathe attachment as above mentioned in which the article to be copied or reproduced may be secured on the chuck of the lathe and used asa guide or pattern in producing the master record for reproducing the particular article.

Other objects and advantages of the inventionv will be apparent from the followingwdescription when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 isl a fragmentary perspective view of a lathe with the attachment mounted thereon. Figure 2 is a detail showing the extent of tool movement in producing a square object.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary pian view of a lathe I with the attachment thereon and partly in section.

Figures 4 and 5 are detail views showing the tool movements in producing modified and magnified square objects. l Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view 'taken on -line 6 6 of Figure 3.

Figure '1 is a fragmentary detail view of the attachment with parts broken away to more clearly show the compensator plate.

Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 8-8 of Figure 3.

Figure 9 is a detail sectional View taken on line 9-9 of Figure 1.

Figure 10 is a detail plan view showing an adaptation of the apparatus for cutting profiles.

Figure 10n is a fragmentary view of a cutter mounted in position on the tracer shaft for cutting a master record to the necessary shape for reproducing a desired design.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary plan view of a modified control for the compensator, and

Figures 12 to 36 are views of a few ofthe many shapes adapted to be turned by the lathe. Referring to the drawings in greater detail the numeral I indicates the bed of the lathe provided with the usual carriage 2. The numeral 3`indicates the cross-slide of the lathe which may be adjusted transversely of the lathe by means of the crank 4.

Bolted on the cross-slide 3 and adapted to be swiveled toany angle therewith is a plate E. This plate serves as a base for a reciprocating table 6 which is provided with anti-friction bear- .ings 1. A tool holder 8 is adjustably mounted on the table 6 and carries a suitable tool 9. 'I'his holder is also adapted to hold a tracer point as will appear later.

The lathe is provided with the usual chuck or face plate I0 adapted to clamp the work to be rotated against the tool 9. The chuck also serves to hold a model against a tracer point as will be described hereinafter.

The shaft on which the chuck I0 is mounted is rotated in the usual manner by means not shown, and geared to this same driving means is a telescoping drive shaft II connected by a universal coupling I2 to a spindle I3 which carries the master record to be described. A drum I4 fixed to spindle I3 is graduated in degrees so as to facilitate the proper setting of the master record. 'I'he bearing for shaft Il is variable so that the ratio of the turns of this shaft to the turns of the chuck shaft may be varied as desired. In the present illustration the shaft II.

is geared to make four rotations 4to one rotation of the chuck shaft.

The spindle I3 is mounted in suitable bearings in a housing I5 fixed to the cross-slide 3, and

enlargement I6 to which a master record Il is secured by means of bolts I8. In the present instance the record I1 is shown as a ring having the desired internal contour but it is to be un-l provide for adjustment, and ball bearings serve to reduce friction to a minimum.

protruding from the housing is a face plate or 'I'he rollers 26 provide a guideway for a trans- `miss`ion bar 2| which is mounted for horizontal reciprocation between the upper and lower sets of rollers. A tracer point plate 22 is adjustably secured to the bar .2| by means of bolts 23, and upper andl lower series of bolt holes 24 are provided for this purpose. Supported on the plate 22 is a' sleeve 25 which supports ball bearings 26 for aspindle 21. On the inner end of the spindle is the tracer point.28, here indicated as a small integral roller, but it will be understood that its construction may be varied as desired. It should be mentioned however that the diameter of the tracer point or roller should be of thesame diameter as the tool which isused in initially cutting the shape of the particular record being used. The tracer point spindle 21 extends through an elongated slot 23 in bar 2|, the length of' the slot being vsuilicient to permit the tracer point to be adjusted to the opposite side of the record I1 for a purpose which will appear here- The connection between the transmission bar 2| and the tool table 6 will now be -described.

Mounted on the upper surface of the crossslide 3 is a transmission plate 36. This plate is reciprocated -between pairs of guide rollers 3|, and is connectedat one end to the tool table 6 by means of a turnbuckle 32 Wh1ch is graduated for micrometer adjustment. The opposite end of the transmission plate 36 is provided with a pair of transversely extending guide ways 33, between which is slidably mounted la compensator rplate 34.

Extending upwardly from the plate 34 is a pin 35 provided with a roller 36 andv a block 31 spaced above the vroller and swiveled to the upper end of the pin. The roller 36 cooperates with a transverse slot 36 formed in a control plate 39, and the block 31 is slidable in a groove 46 in the underside of a transmission lever 4|. 'Ihe control plate 39 is adapted to be moved transjversely of the cross-slide of the lathe and to this end has its edges suitably mounted in guide grooves formed in a. guide member 42 and a wall of housing I5.

Control plate 39 is operated by means of a bell-crank lever 43 which is pivotally connected to the cross-slide 3 as indicated by numeral 44. One arm of the bell-crank 43 is provided with a roller 45 located in a slot 46 in the control plate, and the other arm of the lever is provided with an adjustable block 41 carrying a roller or thelike on its underside adapted to travel in a groove 46 formed in a plate 49. The

plate 49 is adjustable toward or away from the axis of the lathe by va hand-crankA 56, and may be adjusted longitudinally of the lathe by loosening bolts 5| which. secure it in the slot 52 of the carriage 2.

With the foregoing .connections of the bellcrank lever 43, that is, with the pivotal connec- "to the control plate 39 and likewise to the compensator plate 34.

Reverting to the transmission lever 4|, one end thereof is provided with a pintle 53 mounted in ball-bearings located in a sleeve 54. This sleeve is Imounted in a casing 55 secured to housing I5.

The upper side of lever 4| is provided with a longitudinal slot 56 similar to' the slot 46 on the under-side of the lever in which block 31 is mounted. Located in the slot 56 and adapted for sliding movement isa block 61 which is pivoted on the lower end of a post 66. This post 66 is fixed to the inner end of the transmission bar- 2| heretofore described, and it will be apparent that any motion imparted to this bar by the record |1 and tracer point 26 will produce oscillations in transmission 'lever 4| about its pivot 53. Moreover, the oscillation of lever 4| will be converted by its connection with pin 35 and compensator plate 34 into a reciprocating movement of transmission plate 36, tool table 6 and tool 3.

Secured to the outer end of the table 6 is a rod 66 provided with a nut and washer 6I which forms one abutment for a coil spring 62 surrounding the rod. The opposite end of spring 62 the table 6 and tool 9 away from the axis of the lathe insofar as it is permitted to do `so by the master record I1. Under certain conditions however it is desirable to shift the tracerl point 26 to the right hand side ofthe record by shifting the plate 22 through the medium of the holes 24 in plate 2|. When this change is made, for reasons which will-later appear, the spring 62 and plate 63 are re-arranged so as to cause the spring to force the tool toward the axis of the lathe, and the 'record I1 acts to force the tool away from the axis of the lathe.

Rods 65and 66.. similar to rods 66 and 64 are mounted on transmission bar 2| and the housing I5 respectively, and a relatively weak spring 61 engages a plate 68 adjustably mounted on rod 66 andthreaded onto the rod 65. This spring tends to force the bar 2| to the left (Figure` 1) and thus assist spring 62 in biasing the tool 9 away from the axis of the lathe. l

In Figure 10 is shown a slight modification of the construction wherein the base plate 5 and tool table 6 are rotated through 90 with respect to the cross-slide 3 so that the tool 9 may be positioned to cut profiles as indicated at A. When operating on this type of work the necessary movement is imparted to the tool by means of a bell-crank 16 which is pivoted to the cross-slide 3 as indicated at 1I, and has one arm'in cooperation with a lug 12 on the-side of the tool table 6. The other arm 13 of the bell crank is slidably mounted in a block 14 which is pivotal- While the plate 5 is shown in Figure 10 as extending lengthwise of the lathe it is to be understood that it may be adjusted to any position intermediate the two extremes shown in Figures 1 and 10.

The operation of the shape lathe in preparing the master record from a pattern to be reproduced, and in reproducing a few of the many ,shapes of which the machine is capable, will now be described.

lAssuming that it is desired to turn a rod of three inch diameter down to a square of three inches between its diagonal corners, the procedure will be as follows:

The master record to be used on the enlargement I6 of spindle I3 may be made by hand or on the machine. If Amade on the machinethe pattern or model of the shape to be reproduced is iirst properly centered in the chuckl I0. A blunt tool or tracer point is then placed in the tool holder 8 and brought into contact with the surface of the model. The action of spring 62 is reversed so as to bias the tracer point toward the axis of the lathe. The blank from which the master record is to be made, which is a steel ring or disc, is then mounted on the element I6, and an end mill or other cutter 28' on shaft 21 is mounted in the sleeve 25. This cutter may be held stationary with respect to the sleeve or be caused to rotate by means of a small motor. As the lathe shaft rotates the dull tool or tracer point in holder 8 -will follow the contour of the model or sample piece and the cutter will produce the shape record required. It will be understood of course that the proper gear ratio must be used in preparing the record. For instance,

in the example under consideration the model is of square cross-section, and in making the master record the -gear ratio between the spindle I3 and chuck lll must be four to one. With this manner of producing the m'aster record, the rec- .ord will be more nearly accurate than the original model inasmuch as each side of the model in turn serves in guiding the cutting tool on the master record, so that any inaccuracy in the model will be greatly modied or-entirely eliminated in the master record. It should also be noted that when using the master record the tracer point used must be of the same diameter as the cutter used in forming the master record, in order to obtain accurate reproductions of the model.

With master record II prepared and in place on-spindle I3, a cutting tool is mounted in holder 8 to replace the blunt instrument used as a tracer in making the record. The spring 62 is returned 4to its normal position so as to bias the vtool away from the axis of the lathe and the stock to be operated upon is centered in the chuck. The cross-slide 3 is now moved by crank 4 to bring tool 9 into contact with the side of the three inch rod. As the lathe is set in operation the master record il which is geared four to one will reciprocate the tool'in and out four times during each rotation of the chuck ill. operation will cause cuts to be made on the stock at 90 intervals around its periphery. The crossslide is then moved inwardly the desired amount to take on another cut, and so on until the square is reproduced as shown in Figure 1.

I'he shape of the master record for reproducing a square is indicated in Figure 1, and comprises a ring having an internal periphery of gradual increasing radius through 180 on each side of the position at which the tracer point 23 is located. The movements of the tcol 9 in reproducing a square shape are -indicated in Figure 2, but of course the amplitude of the reciprocation of the tool will vary in accordance' with the dimensions of the square to be reproduced.

'I'his variation in the reciprocal movements of the tool for different sizes of articles is provided for by the automatic compensator com.- prising the plate 34 and the pin 35 which is slidably connected with the lever 4I. The position of the pin 35 on the lever 4 I may be in alignment with the. pivot 53 of the lever at which point there is no reciprocat-ion of the tool or it may be positioned at any point along the length of the lever, and the extent of recprocation of the tool varies of course with the distance of the pinlirom the pivot point of the lever. This position of the p in is automatically moved toward the pivot of lever 4I as the cross-slide is moved toward the axis of the lathe and when the tool reaches this axis the pin 35 is in direct alignvment with the pivot so that there is no reciprocation of the tool whatever. It will be apparent therefore that squares of Adifferent dimensions may be made with the same master record, the size depending only upon the initial position of the tool .and the diameter of the stock material. Moreover, it will be obvious that-such squares may be tapered from end to end and down to a point if desired.

Another adjustment of the compensator may be made through the adjustment of the bellcrank lever 43 about its pivot 44. This adjustment is made through the medium of plate 49 and crank 59. If the crank is operated to move the plate away from the axis of the lathe the pin 35 is moved toward the outer end of lever 4I and the extent of movement of the tool is increased, while if the crank is operated in the .opposite direction the extent of movement of the tool is diminished. This adjustment of the compensator serves to produce what may be termed magnied shapes and modiiled shapes. For in..- stance, if the stroke of the tool 4is increased a magnified shape is produced as indicated in Figure 5, whereas, if it is reduced the modified shape of Figure 4 is produced; and it will be understood that these shapes may be made more or less pronounced in accordance with the adiust- Y ment of the lever 43.

It should also be noted in connection with the adjustment of lever 43 that it forms an essential part in the production of the master records as well as in the reproduction of desired shapes. For instance, suppose a 3" master record is made from a 3" pattern with the compensator pin 35 set at 3" from the pivot of lever 4I. The ratio of the compensator position (3") to'the radius of the shape (l1/2") is 2 to 1; therefore the block 41 must be adjusted on the lever 43 so as to provide a 2 to 1 ratio.

It has been.mentioned that the tracer pointY 28 may be moved to the cuter end of slot 29 of the transmission bar 2| yso as to operate against the far side of the master record, the Spring G2 being reversed so as to bias the tool toward the axis of the lathe. With this manner of reciprocating the tool the master record for reproducing a square shape produces a shape such as shown in Figure 15, which is an approximation of a four-leaf clover. Furthermore, this particular shape may be made larger or smaller by adjustment of the cross-slide and through the medium of the automatic compensator.

An almost iniinite variety of shapes may be reproduced by varying the contour of the master record l1, by varying the throw of the tool by adjustment of the lever 43, by changing the ratio between chuck Il and the auxiliary lspindle I3, and by changing the position o f the tracer point from one side to the other of the master record. A very few of this large number of shapes are shown in Figures 12 to 36. Certain of these shapes are in the form of proles and are of course turned by the mechanism shown in Figure 10, wherein the tool carriage-is caused to reciprocate longitudinally of the lathe.

In addition oo the various external shapes which may be out by the shape lathe, some of which are depicted in the drawings, the same variety of internal shapes may be bored out by suitable modiiication of the position of the cutting tool.

In Figure 1l is shown a modiiied construction i'or operating the automatic compensator. vIn this construction a straight arm control 80 is substituted for the bell-crank-control 43. This arm isfpivoted on a post 8l on the carriage 3, and is provided-with a swivel block 82 adjustably mounted thereon. A control bar 83 is pivotally connected to the swivel block andis provided with adjustablymountedstops 84. This bar 83 is slidably mounted in a grooved swivel block 8 5 supported on a bracket 86, which is clamped to the lathe bed.

By suitably adjusting the stops 84 it will be apparent that with this construction the shape lathe may be caused to bore or turn a particular shape forrthe length desired and then to automatically and gradually change the shape to I round in a set length or vice versa.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that I have devised a novel construction of shaping lathe ior turning, boring and facing special shapes; that the use of a master record provides a simple, rapid and accurate means for reproducing the shape recorded; that the lathe is so designed as to permit, by a reversal of the mechanism, the mechanil cal production of a lmaster record by mounting the pattern or model in the chuck and using .it as a control for a cutting tool operating on the record blank; that by the use of an automatic adjustable compensator the shape produced by a particular master record may be increased or decreased in size as desired; that these shapes may be altered by a manual adjustment of the compensator and by changing the position of the,

tracer pont on the master record, and that the reciprocating movements of the tool may be automatically modied during the movement of the carriage so. as to not only turn a particular shape but also gradually add a round extension thereto.

In accordance with the patent statutes I have described what I now believe to be the preferred form of the invention, but inasmuch as various minor changes may be made in the details oi' construction without departing from the spirit of the invention it is intended that all such changes be included within the scope of the appended claims. What I claim is: l

1. A shape lathe including a chuck, an auxiliary spindle, means for driving the chuck and spindle in timed relation, a master record secured tothe spindle, a cross-slide, a tool holder reciprocably mounted on the cross-slide, an operative connection between the record and tool holder, said connection including a compensator for varying the extent oi reciprocable movement oi the tool, and a connection between the lathe bed and compensator.

2. A shape lathe including a chuck, an auxiliary spindle, means forV driving the chuck and spindle in timed relation, a master record secured to the spindle, across-slide, a tool holder reciprocably mounted on the cross-slide, an operative connection between the record and tool holder, said connection including a compensator for varying the extent of reciprocable movement of the tool, and a lost-motion connection between the lathe bead and compensator. v

3. A shape lathe including a chuck, an auxilmounted adjacent ithe record, a tracer member` adjustablfy mounted in the slot on the bar and adapted to cooperate with the record, and means for connecting the transmission bar and tool holder,

4. A shape lathe including a chuck, an auxiliary spindle,'means for driving the vchuck and spindle in the timed relation, a master record secured to the spindle, a cross-slide, a tool holder reciprocably mounted on the cross-slide, a transmission bar slidably mounted adjacent the record, a tracer member on the bar and cooperating with the record, a lever pivoted to the cross-slide and connected to the transmission bar, and a connection between said lever and tool holder.

5. A shape lathe including a chuck, an auxiliary spindle, Ameans for driving thechuck and spindle in timed relation, a master record secured to the spindle, a cross-slide, a tool holder reciprocably mounted on the cross-slide, a transmission bar slidably mounted adjacent the record, a tracer member on the bar and cooperating with the record, a lever pivoted to the cross-slide and operatively connected to the transmission bar, a plate slidably connected to said lever, and a con- ..nection between said plate and tool holder.

6. A shape lathe including a chuck, an auxilv iary spindle, means for driving the chuck and spindle in timed relation, a master record secured to the spindle, a cross-slide, a tool holder recip- I to the spindle, a cross-slide, a tool holder reciprocably mounted on the cross-slide, a transmission bar slidably mounted adjacent the record, a tracer member on the bar and cooperating with the record, and means including a turn-buckle for connecting the transmission bar and tool holder.

8. A shape lathe including a chuck, an auxiliary spindle, means for driving the chuck and spindle in--timed relation, a master record secured to the spindle, a cross-slide, a tool holder reciprocably mounted on the cross-slide, a tracer member cooperating with the record, a connection between the tracer member and tool holder, said` connection including a compensator mechanism for either automatically or manually modifying 'the extent of reciprocation of the tool.

9. In a reproducing shape lathe, a chuck, a spindle geared to the main shaftl ot the lathe, Vmeans on said spindle adapted to support a master record, a support for a tracer member mounted adjacent said spindle, and adapted to mounted adjacent the chuck, and a connection between the tracer member support and the tool holder, whereby the .lathe is adapted to either reproduce shapes recorded on the master record or to cut a master record in accordance with a model supported in the chuck.

10. In a reproducing shape lathe, a chuck, a spindle geared to the main shaft of the lathe,

means on said spindle adapted to support aV master record or a master record blank, a supe' port i'or a tracer member mounted adjacent said 15 spindle and adapted to support a cutting tool, a tool or tracer holder reciprocably molmted adjacent the chuck, a connection between the tracer member support and the tool holder, whereby the lathe is adapted to either reproduce shapes recorded on the master record or to cut a master record in accordance with a model supported in the chuck, and a compensating device for modifying the reciprocating movement of the tool holder in accordance with its distance from the lathe axis.

11. A shape lathe for reproducing articles in which portions of the design are circumferentially repeated one or more times, including a rotatable chuck, a movably-mounted tool holder, an auxiliary spindle, means for driving the chuck and spindle in timed relation, a record of the design to be repeated driven by the spindle, said record being shaped individually in accordance with the work to be accomplished, a connection between the record and tool holder, means for rotating the spindle at a ratio with the lathe chuck corresponding to the number of repetitions of the design, and compensating means for varying the throw of the tool. 1

12. A reproducing shape lathe for reproducing articles in which portions of the design are repeated, including a chuck, a movable topi holder, and means for controlling the movements of the tool holder and chuck in timed relation, said means including a record of the repeated design cutbyamillingtooLsaidrecordbeingshaped individsally in accordance with the work to be accomplished, a tracer member for cooperation with the record, said tracer member having a diameter equal to that of the milling tool by which the record was cut, and a connection between the tracer and tool holder.

13. A reproducing shape lathe for reproducing` articles in which portions of the design are repeated circumferentially, including a chuck, a movable tool holder, and means for controlling the movements o1 the tool holder and chuck in timed relation, said means including a record ot the repeated design cut by a milling tool, said record being shaped individually in accordance with the .work to be accomplished, a tracer member for cooperation with the record, said tracer member having a diameter equal to that of the millingtoolby'whichtherecordwascutanda compensating connection between the record and tool holder.

14. A reproducing shape lathe including a chuck, means for mounting a model on the chuck, said model having a circumierentially repeated means for pxoducinga record of only one otthedesignsbytherotationotthemodelhaving the repeated design, a cutting tool controlled by the rotation of the record to produce a shape having the repeated design, and means for driving the record and chuck inrtimed relation.

15. A reproducing shape lathe including a chuck, means for molmtlng a model on the chuck, said model having a repeated design, means for producingarecordofoneotthedesignsbythe rotation of the model having the repeated design, a cutting tool controlled by the rotation of the recordtoproduceashapehavingtherepeated design, and means for automatically varying the throwoithecuttingtoolinaccordancewiththe sineofthedesimandmeansiordrivingthe record and chuck in timed relation.

16. A reproducing shape lathe for reproducing circumferentially repeated designs' including a 1I chuek,aspindlegeaxedwiithechncktorotate at a greater speed than the chuck, means for securing a record or a record blank on the spindle, a support for a tracer member adjacent the spindle and adapted to support a cutting tool, a movable tool or tracer holder adjacent the chuck, and a. connection between the tracer support and tool holder.

17. A reproducing shape lathe for reproducing circumferentially repeated designs including a chuck, a spindle adjacent the chuck and geared to rotate at least twice as fast as the chuck, means on the spindle adapted to support a master record or a master record blank, a support for a tracer member mounted adjacent the spindle and adapted to support a cutting tool, a tool holder movably supported adjacent the chuck, and a connection between the tracer member support and tool holder.

18. A- reproducing sh ,pe lathe including a` chuck, a spindle adjacent the chuck and geared to rotate at least twice as fast as the chuck, the spindle adapted to support a master record or a master record blank, a support for a tracer member mounted adjacent the spindle and adapted to support a cutting tool, a tool holder movably supported adjacent the chuck, and a compensating connection between the tracer member support and tool holder. i9. In a method of producing master records for effecting repeated designs on a single piece of work in a shape lathe, the steps which comprise positioning a model on a lathe chuck, rotating .the model through one of the designs to be repeated on a single piece of work, and bysuch partial rotation causing a complete cycle of Jperation of record designing elements to lay out the contour of the master record, which record is rotated in timed relation with the model.

20. The method of producing master records for effecting repeated designs on a single piece of work in a shape lathe, which comprises positioning a model on the lathe chuck, rotating the model through one of the designs to be repeated on a single piece of'work, and by such partici rotation causing a complete cycle of operation oi.' a cutting tool to effect an cutting of the masterrecord, which record vis rotated in timed relation with the model.

21. The method of producing master records for eecting repeated designs on a single piece ofvwork in a shape lathe, which comprises positioning a model on the lathe chuck, rotating the model through one of the designs to be repeated on a single piece of work, by such partial rotation causing a complete cycle of operation of a cutting tool to edect an initial cutting of the msste' record, which record is rotated in timed relation with the model, and continuing the rotation of the model until the master record is completed.

22. The method of producing master records eifecting repeated designs on a single piece of work in a shape lathe, which comprises the steps of positioning a model on a lathe chuck, and rotating the model through the repeated designs to produce a record of one of the repeated designs, which record is rotated in timed relation with the model.

23. The method of reproducing shapes having repeated designs, which comprises `the steps of (0l positioning a niodel on a lathe chuck, rotating the model through the repeated designsvto produce a record of one of the designs, which record is rotated in timed relation with the model and employing the record so produced to control the u model, a tracer member movably mounted adda'.- -cent the chuck for cooperation with the model,

an 'auxiliary spindle adapted to support a record blank, means for .driving the chuck-and spindle in timed relation, a cutting tool movably mounted adjacent the auxiliary spindle, and a connec-v "tion between the tracer member and cutting tool,

said connection including a compensating'mechanism for automatically varying the throw Aof the `cuttingtooi 25. A reproducing shape lathe :for reproducing l clrcu'mterentially repeated designs," including a rotatably mountedvchuck for supporting a model having the repeated design, a tracer member movably mounted adjacent the chuck forcoop-m veration with the model, an auxiliary spindle.v

geared to rotate'in timed relation with thechuck and at least twice as fastas the chuck, and

v adapted to support a record blank, a cutting tool movably mounted adjacent the auxiliary spindle,' land a connection between the tracer member vand cutting tool.'

26. vA reproducing shape lathe for reproducing shapes having a circumierentially repeated design, including a. rotatablyJ mounted chuck for supporting a model having the repeated design.-

a tracer member movably mounted adjacent the'` chuck for cooperation with the model, an auxilv iary spindle adapted to support a record blank I and geared to rotatein timed relation with the chuck and at a ratio with the lathe chuckcorresponding to the number of repetitions o! the 'the tracer member and cutting tool. Y Y 27. A'reproducing shape lathe for reproducing design, a cutting tool movably mounted adjacent the auxiliary spindle, anda connection circumferentially repeated designs, including a rotatable chuck adapted to carry either apattern or a piece of work, means controlled bythe rotation oi the pattern for cutting a recordby a' -milling tool, and a tracer memberoi' substan tially lthe same diameter as the milling tool adapted to cooperate with the record, a cutting tool` associated with the chuck, and said tracer member controlling the' movements o! said cutting tool in timed relation with the ychuck to cut the circumferentially repeated design ona piece of work carriedy by the chuck'.

28. A reproducing .shape lathe including a rotatable chuck, a reciprocably mounted tool'holder associated with the chuck, means controlling the reciprocations ofthe tool holder, said means including a record oi the shape cut byamilling tool, said record being shaped individually *in-accordance with the-work to be accomplished, and a tracer member having the same diameter'as the milling tool which cut the record for cooperation with the record.

29. A reproducing shape lathe includingaa rotatable chuck, a reciprocably mounted tool holder f associated with the chuck, means controllingxthe reciprocationsof the tool holder, said means including a record of the shape cut byk a milling mi, said record being shaped individuauy'in ac-v v-cordance with the workv to be accomplished, a

tracer member having the same diameter as' the milling tool which cut the record for cooperation with the record, and an automatic compensating device for varying the throw oi.' the tool holder .isfasubstan arrugas?v produce a' in 'accordance with its distance fromthe axisof the lathe.

30. The method oi copying or reproducing shapeaw-hich comprises positioning a model on the lathe chuck, rotating the model to effect the cutting of a master record of a dierent contour than that of the model, which record is rotated in timed-relation with-.the model, and employing a'tracer rollerA or the like in commotion with the master record to reproduce a design of the exact shape ofthe model.

3l. `Thel method of copying or reproducing` shapes, which comprises positioning aV model on the lathe chuck, rotating the model to guide -a.

milling in'cutting a master record of a dii'- ferent contour than that of the model, which record is'rotated in timed relation with the model, and employing atracer roller of the same diameter asthe-milling tool in conjunction with the master record to reproduce a design of the exact f shape ot the model,

3 2. The method oi producing master records for controlling thecuttin'g oi designs on a piece ot work 1n a shape lathe, which comprises positioning a model of the work to be reproduced on the lathe chuck,and,by therotation of *he model efcircumferentially repeated designs. including a rotatable chuck, a movably mounted cutting tool adjacent chuck, a detachably-mounted movable record cut'by a milling tool. said record being shaped individually in accordance with the work .to be accomplished, a tracer member associated with the record and controlling movement oi the L tool to cut the circumferentially repeated ldesign i on a piece of work carriedby the chuck, 'said record :being lot a diflerent contour than that of the design to be cut, and the effective point of vthe tracer member being spaced from the record a distance equal to theiradiusot the milling tool Aby which the-record, was cut.` 34. -A `reproducingshape lathe tor reproducing circumferentially repeated designs, including a rotatable chuck, a movably mounted cutting tool adjacent the chuck, a detachably-mounted movable record cut by a milling tool, said record being shaped individually in accordance with the work tto be accomplished, a tracermember associated with the record and controlling movements of the tool to cut the circumierentially repeated d 'on a piece of work carried by the chuck, said record being-cfa diil'erent contour than that oi' the design tobe cut, and the tracer member comafroller or the like having a radius equal' .tothe radiusfof the milling tool by which the lrecord was-'cut'.,

3&5. In .a method of reproducing -shapes in a shape lathe', steps of employing a shape which is to be subsequently reproduced, and from only a traction of suchshape producing a record which tial enlargement of .the fractional vtorcproducev the original complete shape.

shape vand subsequently employing such record f3.6,1n a method of reproducing shapes in .a -shape lathe, the steps of employing a 4record which is a substantial enlargement of only a fraction-foi. an articleto be reproducedfand' from such reco rd controlling a tool to reproduce thescomplete article.

arman.

- i'ecting the cutting of a master record of a different contour than that of the model, which reco'rd is rotated in timed relation .with the model.

33. A reproducing shape lathe for reproducing f 

